Secondary Storage

File Compression

File compression is the practice of packaging a file or files to use less disk space. The File Compression category includes software programs that will archive your files and extract archived files such as ZIP and RAR files. Many products in this category let you manage files and protect them with encryption. Notable titles include WinZip, WinRAR, and 7-Zip.





Head Crash

 

 

A head crash is a hard-disc failure that occurs when a read-white head of a hard disc drive comes in contact with its rotating platter, resulting in permanent and usually fatal damage to the magnetic media on the platter surface.

Internet Hard Drive

The sole purpose of an Internet hard drive is to offer a means of accessing your computer files (pictures, documents, music, videos, etc.) from any computer, as long as that computer has access to the Internet. Similar to depositing money into your bank account, and later withdrawing that same money from any ATM machine, an Internet hard drive will allow you to "deposit" your computer files into a remote hard drive, and then later access those very same files from any other computer.


Optical Disc Drive

An Optical Disc Drive(ODD) is a disc drive that uses laser light or electromagnetic waves near the light spectrum as part of the process of reading or writing data to or from optical disc. Some drives can only read from discs, but recent drives are commonly both readers and recorders. Recorders are sometimes called burnersor writers. Compact discs, DVDs, and Blu-ray discs are common types of optical media which can be read and recorded by such drives.



Solid-state storage

Solid-state storage is a nonvolatile, removable storage medium that employs integrated circuits (ICs) rather than magnetic or optical media. It is the equivalent of large-capacity nonvolatible memory. Examples include flash memory, Universal Serial Bus (USB) devices and various proprietary removable packages intended to replace external hard drives.

Input and Output

Ergonomic Keyboard

An ergonomic keyboard is a computer keyboard designed with ergonomic considerations to minimize muscle strain and a host of related problems. The advantage of ergonomic keyboard may reduce muscle strain and reduce risk of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome, but there is no clear evidence of benefit. After a user takes the time to adjust to this style of keyboard, these keyboards can make typing easier, faster and less awkward. Disadvantage is some ergonomic keyboards are highly priced, though not necessarily so. They may take a little practice to get used to, and many people don't want to go to the trouble of adjusting. These keyboards may take more space on your computer table and force the mouse to be farther away.


Ink-jet Printer

An ink-jet printer is a type of computer printer that creates a digital image by propelling variable-sized droplets of ink onto paper. Inkjet printers are the most commonly used type of printer and range from small inexpensive consumer models to very large professional machines.





Laser Printer

A laser printer is a common type of computer printer that rapidly produces high quality text and graphics on plain paper. As with digital photocopiers and multifunction printers (MFPs), laser printers employ a xerographic printing process but differ from analog photocopiers in that the image is produced by the direct scanning of a laser beam across the printer's photoreceptor.






Magnetic-ink character reader (MIR)

Magnetic-ink character reader is a character recognition technology used primarily by the banking industry to facilitate the processing of cheques. The technology allows computers to read information (such as account numbers) off of printed documents. Unlike barcodes or similar technologies, however, MICR codes can be easily read by humans.






Optical-character recognition(OCR)

Optical-character recognition is the mechanical or electronic translation of scanned images of handwritten, typewritten or printed text into machine-encoded text. It is widely used to convert books and documents into electronic files, to computerize a record-keeping system in an office, or to publish the text on a website. OCR makes it possible to edit the text, search for a word or phrase, store it more compactly, display or print a copy free of scanning artifacts, and apply techniques such as machine translation, text-to-speech and text mining to it. OCR is a field of research in pattern recognition, artificial recognition and computer vision.


Optical-mark recognition (OMR)

Optical-mark recognition also called Optical Mark Reading and (OMR) is the process of capturing human-marked data from document forms such as surveys and tests.

system unit

Flash memory

Flash memory also known as Flash RAM sometimes. It is a type of constantly-powered nonvolatile memory that can be erased and reprogrammed in units of memory called blocks. It is primarily used in memory cards, USB flash drives, MP3 players and solid-states drive for general storage and transfer of data between computers and other digital products.

Graphic cards

Graphic cards also refer to video card; it is a piece of hardware installed in a computer that is responsible for rendering the image on the computer’s monitor or display screen.

Sound cards

Sound cards also called audio card, it is a computer expansion card that facilitates the input and output of audio signals to and from a computer under control of computer programs. Typical uses of sound cards include providing the audio component for multimedia applications such as music composition, editing video or audio, presentation, education, and entertainment (games).

Network interface card (NIC)

A network interface card (NIC) is a computer circuit board or card that is installed in a computer so that it can be connected to a network. Personal computers and workstations on a local area network (LAN) typically contain a network interface card specifically designed for the LAN transmission technology, such as Ethernet or token ring. Network interface cards provide a dedicated, full-time connection to a network. Most home and portable computers connect to the Internet through as-needed dial-up connection. The modem provides the connection interface to the Internet service provider.

Plug and Play

Plug and Play (PnP) is a capability developed by Microsoft for its Windows 95 and later operating systems that gives users the ability to plug a device into a computer and have the computer recognize that the device is there.

Bus line

Information from one unit to another unit which is one stop being to the computer.

HDMI

HDMI (High Definition Multimedia Interface) is a compact audio/video interface for transmitting uncompressed digital data. It is a digital alternative to consumer analog standards, such as radio frequency (RF) coaxial cable, composite video, S-Video, SCART, D-Terminal, or VGA. HDMI supports, on a single cable, any uncompressed TV or PC video format, including standard, enhanced, and high definition video; up to 8 channels of compressed or uncompressed digital audio.

Cache memory

Cache memory is random access memory (RAM) that a computer microprocessor can access more quickly than it can access regular RAM. As the microprocessor processes data, it looks first in the cache memory and if it finds the data there (from a previous reading of data), it does not have to do the more time-consuming reading of data from larger memory.